Through this procedure, from the puncture with a needle, accumulated liquid is extracted or drained. This fluid is analyzed later.
The extraction can provide relief from the symptoms because of the liquid accumulation.

It's a therapeutic procedure whose purpose is to artificially substitute the role of the respiratory system, with a machine or mechanical ventilator, when the person, for different reasons, can't breathe voluntarily.

Simple and non-invasive study to know the ability a person has to hearing sound. Hearing will be evaluated through the use of headsets, you will hear sounds with different volume and you will have to say when you hear them.

The doctor may perform the following examination or exploration:
.Control of Cardiac Frequency: Norma values: Newborn: 120 to 160 beats/minute, 1 and 2 years 110-120 beats/minute, 3 to 12 years 100 beats/minute, 13 years onward 75/80 beats/minute.
.Control of Breathing Frequency Normal values: Newborn 30 to 60 breathing cycles/minute, 1 and 2 years 20 to 40 breathing cycles/minute, 3 years onward 15/25 breathing cycles/minute.
.Control of Temperature (Normal: 36,4 - 37 °C)
-Weight and heigth control.

Spine Examination:
.Observation (or Inspection)
.Palpation (or touching) to know if any area is causing pain
.Percussion (repetitive taps) on the spine, which can cause pain
.Evaluation of mobility: if it is limited or not

Evaluation of:
Achilles reflex (of the ankle): the reaction of the ankle is evaluated with a small hit with a hammer or another element on it.

Patellar reflex (of the knee): the reaction of the knee is evaluating with a small hit with a hammer or another element on it.
Sensitivity of lower limbs
Pace

The doctor may perform the following examination or exploration:
.Control of Cardiac Frequency (Normal: 60 to 100 beats/minute)
.Control of Breathing Frequency (Normal: 16 to 20 breathing cycles/minute)
.Control of Temperature (Normal: 36,5 - 37 °C)
.Control of Blood Pressure (Normal: ≤ 120/80 mmHg)
Complete mouth examination:
.Inspection of: inner area of the lips, mucous of cheeks, palate, tongue, teeth and gums.
.In case of removable prothesis, the doctor may request its removal for a correct and complete observation.
Nose examination:
.Observation of the nose with a Rhinoscope (instrument with a light that the doctor uses to see inside the nose)
Throat examination:
.Examination of the sinuses: if there is suspision of sinusitis
.Palpation (or touching): to know if there is some place that causes pain when touching
.Transillumination: (in a dark room both sides of the face are iluminated, below the eyes, with the mouth open. It allows to see the presen of mucus in sunuses)

It’s the most common type of surgery for patients with shoulder chronic instability. This procedure may be done in an open manner or using an arthroscopy technique. It’s successful in approximately 80-95% of the cases, eliminating recurrent dislocations (displacements or pop up of the bone of its normal position)
It’s performed under anaesthesia.

Radiographic invasive study which allows to study the Colon. Through an enema, barium is administered while radiographic shots are taken in different positions until observation of the entire colon.

Radiographic, invasive study to study the Colon. Trhough an enema, barium is administered while some radiographic samples are taken in different positions to observe the entire colon.

It's the amount of insulin in blood in a fasting state. Normal Value: 2-20 mcU/ml

It's referred to the maximum quantity that a person can drink on a week basis, considered "normal"
Beer or cider: 1.080 ml (approx. one litre),3 times a week or 462 ml per day.
Wine, sparkling, vermouth, etc.: 450 ml 3 times a week or 192 ml (a glass) per day
Distilled (whiskey, vodka, liqueur, cognac, etc.): 12 drinks (or 360 ml) on a week basis.
The examples were for men, in women it's considered as a maximum two thirds of the men's maximum.
Remember that the tolerance beverages not only depends on the amount consumed but also on the chronicity of ingestion, if you have or haven't eaten previously, the ingestion speed of the drinks.

It's an auto-vigilance technique:
-Make a day-to-day register of what you eat, your weight and amount of physical activity that you do each day.
-Measure the food you eat per day
-Use smaller plates and do not repeat the portion
-Do not eat watching television
-Have all 4 meals of the day, do not omit any of them.

It’s a non-invasive procedure that, through the use of electronic instruments, registers the signals the body generates when faced with different pains.
This allows training the patient to perceive these signals and to apply different techniques to control pain.
This technique can be used for the treatment of different problems, such as: headaches, lumbago, temporomandibular pain.

It's an invasive procedure through which a small piece of nerve (of the leg) is taken to examine it.
It's performed under local anesthesia.

The doctor may perform the following examination or exploration:

General inspection
Examination of skin and mucous
.Control of Cardiac Frequency (Normal: 60 to 100 beats/minute)
.Control of Breathing Frequency (Normal: 16 to 20 breathing cycles/minute)
.Control of Temperature (Normal: 36,5 - 37 °C)
.Control of Blood Pressure (Normal: ≤ 120/80 mmHg)

Cardiovascular examination:
-Auscultation (hear): the noise/sounds of the heart.
Breathing examination:
-Auscultation (hear): the noises/sounds of the lungs.
Abdomen Examination: Observation (or Inspection), Palpation (or touching) to know if there is any area that causes pain. Hearing the sounds of the abdomen (hydroaerial sounds). Percussion (repetitive taps) to know how each part of the abdomen sounds like.

Neurological Examination:

-Evaluate level of consciousness (Glasgow scale)
- Evaluate march
-Evaluate muscle tone
-Evauate reflex
- Evaluate sensitivity
- Evaluate active motility and muscle strength

Is the level of alcohol in blood. With alcohol tests, the amount of alcohol in the breath is calculated. A device is used, which requires to inflate a balloon on one blast and then the air is expelled towards a glass tube which contains yellow crystals. These change their colour depending on the amount of alcohol in the breath.
Alcohol level: from 0,08% or more inebriation state (in some countries lower values may be considered)