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Cardiac enzymes

They are proteins of the cardiac tissue that are released into the blood when there is heart damage. Examples of these are: Troponin I and T, Myoglobin.

Cardiac Enzymes

They are proteins of the cardiac tissue that are released into the blood when there is heart damage. Examples of these are: Troponin I and T, Myoglobin.

Cardiovascular risk factors

Factors that increase the possibility of having a heart and/or vessels disease:
-Smoking.
-High blood pressure (Hypertension).
-Cholesterol increase
-Obesity.
- Lack of exercise- Sedentary lifestyle.
-Family history of heart and/or vessels disease.
-Diabetes.

Cardioversion

It's a treatment to revert certain severe and potentially lethal arrhythmias or arrhythmias that didn't respond to the treatment with medicines. Through two paddles over the chest, an electric discharge is sent for the heart to beat at its normal rhythm. It's performed under anaesthesia.

Carotid endarterectomy

It’s a surgery of the carotid artery to restore blood circulation. Carotid arteries are located at the sides of the neck and carry blood to the brain.
When the circulation is interrupted (due to a thrombus or cholesterol plaque) the circulation to the brain reduces and it may cause a cerebrovascular accident. In most of the cases it is performed under total anesthesia. The procedure lasts approximately 2 hours.
The risks of the surgery (independently of anesthesia) are:
-Cerebrovascular accident
-Brain hemorrhage
-Infection
-Brain injury

Carotid endarterectomy

It’s a surgery of the carotid artery to restore blood circulation. Carotid arteries are located at the sides of the neck and carry blood to the brain.
When the circulation is interrupted (due to a thrombus or cholesterol plaque) the circulation to the brain reduces and it may cause a cerebrovascular accident. In most of the cases it is performed under total anesthesia. The procedure lasts approximately 2 hours.
The risks of the surgery (independently of anesthesia) are:
-Cerebrovascular accident
-Brain hemorrhage
-Infection
-Brain injury

Carpal tunnel syndrome suspicion Physical Examination

The doctor may perform the following examination or exploration:
.Control of Cardiac Frequency (Normal: 60 to 100 beats/minute)
.Control of Breathing Frequency (Normal: 16 to 20 breathing cycles/minute)
.Control of Temperature (Normal: 36,5 - 37 °C)
.Control of Blood Pressure (Normal: ≤ 120/80 mmHg)
Observation (or Inspection)
.Palpation (or touching): to know if there is some area that causes pain and to examine if there is any injury that may be perceived by touching.
.Evaluation of the hand and wrist joint mobility and its constraints.
.Sensitivity evaluation
. Tinel manoeuvre: taps are given over the wrist (at median nerve level) to see it it causes tingling, numbness, pain.
.Phalen manoeuvre: wrists are flexed (bent) at 90º for 60 seconds and the appearance of symptoms is evaluated.
.Skin examination (colour, temperature, presence of any injury)

Cathartics

Drugs used to favour defecation.

CD4 count

CD4 are blood cells that take part in the immune system (defense)
Normal Value: 500 to 1500 cells/mm3 of blood

Cerebrospinal fluid Culture

Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid in order to detect the presence of bacteria and other microorganisms. Its results takes days.

Changes in behavior

They are self-monitoring techniques:
-Make a daily register of what you eat, your weight, amount of activity of each day
-Measure the food you eat each day
-Use small plates and do not repeat portions
-Do not eat while watching television
-Eat all meals of the day, do not omit any of them.

Chemical Physical Analysis of the Cephalorachidian Liquid

Ph: 7,31- 7,34
Glucose: 40 to 70 mgr/100ml
Lactate: 10 to 20 mg/100 ml
Total proteins: 15 to 50 mg/100 ml
Albumin: 6,6 – 44,2 mg/100ml
IgG : 0,9 -5,7 mg/100ml
Oligoclonal bands: not identified.
Myelin basic protein: Proteína básica de mielina: <4microgramms/L
Erythrocytes: o
Leucocytes:
Total: 0-5 mononuclear/mm3
Differential counts:
Lymphocytes: 60 to 70%
Monocytes: 30- 50%
Neutrophils: none

Chemical Physical Analysis of the Cephalorachidian Liquid

Ph: 7,31- 7,34
Glucose: 40 to 70 mgr/100ml
Lactate: 10 to 20 mg/100 ml
Total proteins: 15 to 50 mg/100 ml
Albumin: 6,6 – 44,2 mg/100ml
IgG : 0,9 -5,7 mg/100ml
Oligoclonal bands: not identified.
Myelin basic protein: <4microgramms/L
Erythrocytes: o
Leucocytes:
Total: 0-5 mononuclear/mm3
Differential counts:
Lymphocytes: 60 to 70%
Monocytes: 30- 50%
Neutrophils: none

Chemical Physical Analysis of the Cerebrospinal fluid

Ph: 7,31- 7,34
Glucose: 40 to 70 mgr/100ml
Lactate: 10 to 20 mg/100 ml
Total proteins: 15 to 50 mg/100 ml
Albumin: 6,6 – 44,2 mg/100ml
IgG : 0,9 -5,7 mg/100ml
Oligoclonal bands: not identified.
Myelin basic protein: Proteína básica de mielina: <4microgramms/L
Erythrocytes: o
Leucocytes:
Total: 0-5 mononuclear/mm3
Differential counts:
Lymphocytes: 60 to 70%
Monocytes: 30- 50%
Neutrophils: none

Chemical Physical Analysis of the Cerebrospinal fluid

Ph: 7,31- 7,34
Glucose: 40 to 70 mgr/100ml
Lactate: 10 to 20 mg/100 ml
Total proteins: 15 to 50 mg/100 ml
Albumin: 6,6 – 44,2 mg/100ml
IgG : 0,9 -5,7 mg/100ml
Oligoclonal bands: not identified.
Myelin basic protein: Proteína básica de mielina: <4microgramms/L
Erythrocytes: o
Leucocytes:
Total: 0-5 mononuclear/mm3
Differential counts:
Lymphocytes: 60 to 70%
Monocytes: 30- 50%
Neutrophils: none

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